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Advancements in medical research build upon previous findings. The link between a physiological system and disease begins with understanding the system.
The renin angiotensin system (RAS), via angiotensin II (Ang II), is a complex regulator of blood pressure and vascular tone. Researchers have spent the past few decades isolating, cloning, and observing Ang II and its receptors to understand the system’s potential role in cardiovascular diseases. The following are some of the original publications and reviews that have opened the field to new investigators. Angiotensin II Signal TransductionBerk and Corson. Angiotensin II signal transduction in smooth muscle: role of tyrosine kinases. Circulation Research 80: 607-616, 1997. Berk. Angiotensin II signal transduction in vascular smooth muscle: pathways activated by specific tyrosine kinases. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 10: S62-S68, 1999. Rabkin, S. W., Goutaouliak, V., and Kong, J. Y. Angiotensin II induces activation of phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase in cardiomyocytes. Journal of Hypertension 15: 891-899, 1997 Yin, Yan, and Berk. Angiotensin II signaling pathways mediated by tyrosine kinases. International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 35: 780-783, 2003. Viedt, C., Soto, U., Krieger-Brauer, H. I., Fei, J., Elsing, C., Kübler, W., and Kreuzer, J. Differential activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in smooth muscle cells by angiotensin II. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 20: 940-948, 2000 Angiotensin II Receptor Characterizationde Gasparo, M., Catt, K. J., Inagami, T., Wright, J. W., and Unger T. International Union of Pharmacology. XXIII. The Angiotensin II Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 52: 415-472, 2000. Hohle, S., Blume, A., Lebrun, C., Culman, J., and Unger, T. Angiotensin receptors in the brain. Pharmacol Toxicol 77: 306-315, 1995. Inagami, T., Guo, D-F., and Kitami, Y. Molecular biology of angiotensin II receptors: an overview. Journal of Hypertension 12 (suppl 10): S83-S94, 1994. Inagami. Molecular biology and signaling of angiotensin receptors: an overview. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 10: S2-S7, 1999. Nawata, H., Takayanagi, R., Ohnaka, K., Sakai, Y., Imasaki, K., Yanase, T., Ikuyama, S., Tanaka, S., and Ohe, K. Type 1 angiotensin II receptors of adrenal tumors. Steroids 60: 28-34, 1995. Nickenig, G. and Harrison, D.G. The AT(1)-type angiotensin receptor in oxidative stress and atherogenesis: part I: oxidative stress and atherogenesis. Circulation 105: 393-396, 2002. Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor RegulationCurnow, K. M., Pascoe, L., Davies, E., White, P. C., Corvol, P., and Clauser, E. Alternatively spliced human type 1 angiotensin II receptor mRNAs are translated at different efficiencies and encode two receptor isoforms. Molecular Endocrinology 9: 1250-1264, 1995. Elton, T. S. and Martin, M. M. Alternative splicing: A novel mechanism to fine-tune the expression and function of the human AT1 receptor. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism 14 66-71, 2003. Fukuyama, K., Ichiki, T., Takeda, K., Tokunou, T., Iino, N., Masuda, S., Ishibashi, M., Egashira, K., Shimokawa, H., Hirano, K., Kanaide, H., and Takeshita, A. Downregulation of vascular angiotensin II type 1 receptor by thyroid hormone. Hypertension 41: 598-603, 2003. Kaschina and Unger. Angiotensin AT1/AT2 receptors: regulation, signalling, and function. Blood Pressure 12: 70-88, 2003. Nickenig, G., Röling, J., Strehlow, K., Schnabel, P., and Böhm, M. Insulin induces upregulation of vascular AT1 receptor gene expression by posttranscriptional mechanisms. Circulation 98: 2453-2460, 1998. Samasura, H., Nakazato, Y., Hayashida, T., Kitamura, Y., Hayashi, M., and Saruta, T. Regulation of vascular type 1 angiotensin receptors by cytokines. Hypertension 30: 35-41, 1997.
The copyright of the article Angiotensin Research in Interdisciplinary Science is owned by Alicia Mae Prater. Permission to republish Angiotensin Research in print or online must be granted by the author in writing.
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